Garðableikja

Garðableikja
	;
Vísindaleg flokkun
Ríki:	Jurtaríki (Plantae);
(óraðað):	Dulfrævingar (Angiospermae);
(óraðað)	Eudicotidae;
Ættbálkur:	Krossblómabálkur (Brassicales);
Ætt:	Krossblómaætt (Brassicaceae);
Ættkvísl:	Barbarea;
Tegund:	B. vulgaris;
Tvínefni
	Barbarea vulgaris; (L.) W.T. Aiton
Samheiti
	Listi Arabis barbarea (L.) Bernh.; Barbarea altaica Andrz. ex Steud.; Barbarea arcuata f. brachycarpa (Rouy & Foucaud) Kuusk; Barbarea augustana Boiss.; Barbarea barbarea (L.) Mac Mill.; Barbarea barbarea subsp. brachycarpa (Rouy & Foucaud) Piper; Barbarea barbarea var. longisiliquosa (Carion) Farw.; Barbarea ceretana Sennen; Barbarea croatica Borbás & Vuk.; Barbarea hirsuta Weihe; Barbarea iberica (Willd.) DC.; Barbarea iberica Willd. ex DC.; Barbarea iberica subsp. rivularis (Martrin-Donos) O. Schwarz; Barbarea iberica subsp. vulgaris (W.T. Aiton) O. Schwarz; Barbarea intermedia var. pyrenaica (Jord.) Gaut.; Barbarea kayseri Schur; Barbarea lepuznica Nyár.; Barbarea linnaei K. F. Schimp. & Spenn.; Barbarea linnaei var. vulgaris (W.T. Aiton) Döll; Barbarea lyrata (Gilib.) Asch.; Barbarea lyrata var. iberica (Willd. ex DC.) Asch.; Barbarea macrophylla Halácsy; Barbarea praecox var. vicina (Martrin-Donos) Rouy & Foucaud; Barbarea pyrenaica Jord.; Barbarea rivularis Martrin-Donos ex Loret; Barbarea rupestris Steud.; Barbarea sicula Gren. & Godr. (Ambiguous); Barbarea stolonifera Pomel; Barbarea stricta Willk. (Ambiguous); Barbarea sylvestris Jord.; Barbarea vicina Martrin-Donos; Barbarea vulgaris f. ambigua Zapal.; Barbarea vulgaris f. grandiflora Zapal.; Barbarea vulgaris f. hirsuta (Weihe) Fernald; Barbarea vulgaris f. montana Zapal.; Barbarea vulgaris f. multicaulis Zapal.; Barbarea vulgaris f. patentissima Zapal.; Barbarea vulgaris f. pinnatifida (Neilr.) Zapal.; Barbarea vulgaris f. pleniflora Kotula ex Zapal.; Barbarea vulgaris f. stolonifera (Pomel) Maire; Barbarea vulgaris f. subcoriacea Zapal.; Barbarea vulgaris subsp. pyrenaica (Jord.) Bonnier; Barbarea vulgaris subsp. rivularis (Martrin-Donos) Rothm.; Barbarea vulgaris subsp. silvestris (Jord.) Bonnier; Barbarea vulgaris sylvestris Fr.; Barbarea vulgaris var. brachycarpa Rouy & Foucaud; Barbarea vulgaris var. campestris Fr.; Barbarea vulgaris var. doellii Alef.; Barbarea vulgaris var. gracilis DC.; Barbarea vulgaris var. hirsuta (Weihe) Alef.; Barbarea vulgaris var. hirsuta (Weihe) Wender.; Barbarea vulgaris var. longisiliquosa Carion; Barbarea vulgaris var. macrophylla Halácsy; Barbarea vulgaris var. patens Neilr.; Barbarea vulgaris var. rivularis (Martrin-Donos) P. Fourn.; Campe barbarea (Garsault) W. Wight; Campe barbarea var. hirsuta (Weihe) House; Campe rivularis (Martrin-Donos) A. Heller; Campe vulgaris (W.T. Aiton) Dulac; Crucifera barbaraea (L.) E. H. L. Krause; Eruca barbarea (L.) Lam.; Erysimum barbarea L. (Ambiguous); Erysimum barbarea var. patens Hartm.; Erysimum lucidum Salisb.; Erysimum lyratum Gilib. (Ambiguous); Erysimum lyrifolium Stokes; Sisymbrium barbarea (L.) Crantz; Sisymbrium barbarea (L.) F. H. Wigg.; Sisymbrium barbarea (L.) Garsault; Barbarea arcuatum Opiz; Barbarea barbarea (L.) W. Wight ex Piper; Barbarea vulgaris taurica (DC.) Hook.f. & T. Anderson; Barbarea vulgaris macrophylla Halácsy; Barbarea vulgaris arcuata (Opiz) Fr.; Barbarea vulgaris vulgaris ; Barbarea vulgaris arcuata (Opiz) Hayek; Barbarea taurica DC.; Barbarea sibirica (Regel) Nakai; Barbarea macrophylla (Halácsy) Halácsy; Barbarea arcuata (Opiz) Rchb.;

Garðableikja (fræðiheiti: Barbarea vulgaris^[1]) er jurt af krossblómaætt. Blómin standa í uppréttum klasa. Krónublöðin eru gul. Hún ar mjög lík hlíðableikju (Barbarea stricta) sem hefur stundum verið talin undirtegund hennar.

Hún er ættuð frá Evrasíu.^[2] Hún er slæðingur á Íslandi og hefu breiðst nokkuð út.^[3]

Fiðrildalirfur (t.d. kálmölur - Plutella xylostella og litli kálskjanni - Pieris rapae) sem sækja í jurtir af krossblómaætt sækja einnig í garðableikju, en vegna náttúrulegra sapónína^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7] drepast lirfur sumra tegundanna úr eitrun.^[8] Þetta hefur verið nýtt til að draga úr ágangi í kálrækt, enda eru margar tegundirnar orðnar ónæmar fyrir hefðbundnum skordýraeitrum.

Heimildir[breyta | breyta frumkóða]

↑ Roskov Y., Kunze T., Orrell T., Abucay L., Paglinawan L., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Decock W., De Wever A., Didžiulis V. (ed) (2014). „Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist“. Species 2000: Reading, UK. Sótt 26 júní 2024.
↑ „Barbarea vulgaris W.T.Aiton | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science“. Plants of the World Online (enska). Sótt 26. júní 2024.
↑ Hörður Kristinsson. „Garðableikja - Barbarea vulgaris“. Sótt júní 2024.
↑ Kuzina, V.; Ekstrom, C. T.; Andersen, S. B.; Nielsen, J. K.; Olsen, C. E.; Bak, S. (2009). „Identification of Defense Compounds in Barbarea vulgaris against the Herbivore Phyllotreta nemorum by an Ecometabolomic Approach“. Plant Physiology. 151 (4): 1977–90. doi:10.1104/pp.109.136952. PMC 2785962. PMID 19819983.
↑ Kuzina, Vera; Nielsen, Jens Kvist; Augustin, Jörg Manfred; Torp, Anna Maria; Bak, Søren; Andersen, Sven Bode (2011). „Barbarea vulgaris linkage map and quantitative trait loci for saponins, glucosinolates, hairiness and resistance to the herbivore Phyllotreta nemorum“. Phytochemistry. 72 (2–3): 188–98. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.11.007. PMID 21130479.
↑ Nielsen, Nikoline J.; Nielsen, John; Staerk, Dan (2010). „New Resistance-Correlated Saponins from the Insect-Resistant CruciferBarbarea vulgaris“. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 58 (9): 5509–14. doi:10.1021/jf903988f. PMID 20387830.
↑ Shinoda, Tetsuro; Nagao, Tsuneatsu; Nakayama, Masayoshi; Serizawa, Hiroaki; Koshioka, Masaji; Okabe, Hikaru; Kawai, Akira (2002). „Identification of a triterpenoid saponin from a crucifer, Barbarea vulgaris, as a feeding deterrent to the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella“. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 28 (3): 587–99. doi:10.1023/A:1014500330510. PMID 11944835. S2CID 1539329.
↑ Shelton, A. M. and B. A. Nault (2004) "Dead-end trap cropping: a technique to improve management of the diamondback moth," Crop Protection 23: 497-503.

Þessi grasafræðigrein er stubbur. Þú getur hjálpað til með því að bæta við greinina.

[COL-1] Roskov Y., Kunze T., Orrell T., Abucay L., Paglinawan L., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Decock W., De Wever A., Didžiulis V. (ed) (2014). „Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist“. Species 2000: Reading, UK. Sótt 26 júní 2024.

[2] „Barbarea vulgaris W.T.Aiton | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science“. Plants of the World Online (enska). Sótt 26. júní 2024.

[3] Hörður Kristinsson. „Garðableikja - Barbarea vulgaris“. Sótt júní 2024.

[:2-4] Kuzina, V.; Ekstrom, C. T.; Andersen, S. B.; Nielsen, J. K.; Olsen, C. E.; Bak, S. (2009). „Identification of Defense Compounds in Barbarea vulgaris against the Herbivore Phyllotreta nemorum by an Ecometabolomic Approach“. Plant Physiology. 151 (4): 1977–90. doi:10.1104/pp.109.136952. PMC 2785962. PMID 19819983.

[:3-5] Kuzina, Vera; Nielsen, Jens Kvist; Augustin, Jörg Manfred; Torp, Anna Maria; Bak, Søren; Andersen, Sven Bode (2011). „Barbarea vulgaris linkage map and quantitative trait loci for saponins, glucosinolates, hairiness and resistance to the herbivore Phyllotreta nemorum“. Phytochemistry. 72 (2–3): 188–98. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.11.007. PMID 21130479.

[:4-6] Nielsen, Nikoline J.; Nielsen, John; Staerk, Dan (2010). „New Resistance-Correlated Saponins from the Insect-Resistant CruciferBarbarea vulgaris“. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 58 (9): 5509–14. doi:10.1021/jf903988f. PMID 20387830.

[:5-7] Shinoda, Tetsuro; Nagao, Tsuneatsu; Nakayama, Masayoshi; Serizawa, Hiroaki; Koshioka, Masaji; Okabe, Hikaru; Kawai, Akira (2002). „Identification of a triterpenoid saponin from a crucifer, Barbarea vulgaris, as a feeding deterrent to the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella“. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 28 (3): 587–99. doi:10.1023/A:1014500330510. PMID 11944835. S2CID 1539329.

[8] Shelton, A. M. and B. A. Nault (2004) "Dead-end trap cropping: a technique to improve management of the diamondback moth," Crop Protection 23: 497-503.

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